Rother Local Plan 2020-2040 (Regulation 18)

Glossary

1066 Country Walk

The route commemorates 1066, the year of the Battle of Hastings, and seeks to link the places and the people of that important year. It runs through East Sussex from Pevensey to Rye, passing through Battle.

Accessibility

The ability of people to move around an area and reach places and facilities, including elderly and disabled people, those with young children and those encumbered with luggage or shopping.

Active Travel

The collective name for 'walking, wheeling and cycling' (see definition).

Affordable housing

Housing for sale or rent for those whose needs are not met by the market (including housing that provides a subsidised route to home ownership and/or is for essential local workers); and which complies with one or more of the following definitions:

      Affordable housing for rent:

  Meets all of the following conditions: (a) the rent is set in accordance with the Government's rent policy for Social Rent or Affordable Rent, or is at least 20% below local market rents (including service charges where applicable); (b) the landlord is a registered provider, except where it is included as part of a Build to Rent scheme (in which case the landlord need not be a registered provider); and (c) it includes provisions to remain at an affordable price for future eligible households, or for the subsidy to be recycled for alternative affordable housing provision. For Build to Rent schemes affordable housing for rent is expected to be the normal form of affordable housing provision (and, in this context, is known as Affordable Private Rent).

      Starter homes:

  Is as specified in Sections 2 and 3 of the Housing and Planning Act 2016 and any secondary legislation made under these sections. The definition of a starter home should reflect the meaning set out in statute and any such secondary legislation at the time of plan-preparation or decision-making. Where secondary legislation has the effect of limiting a household's eligibility to purchase a starter home to those with a particular maximum level of household income, those restrictions should be used.

      Discounted market sales housing:

  Is that sold at a discount of at least 20% below local market value. Eligibility is determined with regard to local incomes and local house prices. Provisions should be in place to ensure housing remains at a discount for future eligible households.

      Other affordable routes to home ownership:

  Is housing provided for sale that provides a route to ownership for those who could not achieve home ownership through the market. It includes shared ownership, relevant equity loans, other low-cost homes for sale (at a price equivalent to at least 20% below local market value) and rent to buy (which includes a period of intermediate rent). Where public grant funding is provided, there should be provisions for the homes to remain at an affordable price for future eligible households, or for any receipts to be recycled for alternative affordable housing provision, or refunded to Government or the relevant authority specified in the funding agreement. See also Intermediate Affordable Housing and First Homes.

Agricultural Diversification

A farm or forestry business broadening its business model to include economic activities other than agriculture, to provide a long-term sustainable income stream that supplements agricultural income and allows farming of the land to remain viable.

Ancient Woodland

An area that has been wooded continuously since at least 1600 AD. It includes ancient semi-natural woodland and plantations on ancient woodland sites (PAWS). Note "wooded continuously" doesn't mean there's been a continuous tree cover across the whole site. Not all trees in the woodland have to be old. Open space, both temporary and permanent, is an important component of ancient woodlands.

Ancient or Veteran Tree

A tree which, because of its age, size and condition, is of exceptional biodiversity, cultural or heritage value. All ancient trees are veteran trees. Not all veteran trees are old enough to be ancient but are old relative to other trees of the same species. Very few trees of any species reach the ancient life-stage.

Appropriate Assessment

Appropriate Assessment (AA) refers to stage 2 of the Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA) process. It considers the impacts of a plan or project assessed against the conservation objectives of a European Site, in order to identify whether there are likely to be any adverse effects on site integrity and site features. The purpose of appropriate assessment of local plans is to ensure that protection of the integrity of European sites is a part of the planning process at a regional and local level.

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)

Areas of national importance for their landscape character and appearance, within which the conservation and enhancement of their natural beauty is a priority. These are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 by the Secretary of State for the Environment.

Article 4 Direction

A direction made under Article 4 of the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015 which withdraws permitted development rights granted by that Order.

Biodiversity

The whole variety of life encompassing all genetic, species and ecosystem variations, including plants and animals.

Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP)

A strategy aimed at conserving and enhancing biological diversity, operational until 2012. UK BAP priority species and habitats have now been succeeded by Priority Habitats and Species as identified under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006.

Biodiversity Opportunity Area (BOA)

Landscape-scale areas identified as having the greatest opportunities for habitat creation and restoration. Mapped through work carried out by the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre.

Brownfield Land/Site

Land which has previously been developed (see Previously Developed Land).

Brownfield Land Register

Register of previously developed land that the local planning authority considers to be appropriate for residential development, having regard to criteria in the Town & Country Planning (Brownfield Land Registers) Regulations 2017.

Building Regulations

Regulations which are separate from the planning act, but which have to be adhered to in the construction of development.

Build to Rent

Purpose built housing that is typically 100% rented out. It can form part of a wider multi-tenure development comprising either flats or houses but should be on the same site and/or contiguous with the main development. Schemes will usually offer longer tenancy agreements of three years or more and will typically be professionally managed stock in single ownership and management control.

Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA)

An independent voluntary consumer organisation which promotes real ale, real cider and the traditional British pub.

Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE)

A registered charity with over 60,000 members and supporters, formed in 1926 to limit urban sprawl and ribbon development.

Catchment Flood Management Plan (CFMP)

A Catchment Flood Management Plan is a strategic planning tool through which the Environment Agency will seek to work with other key decision-makers within a river catchment to identify and agree policies for sustainable flood risk management.

Combined Heat and Power

CHP plants incorporate both power and heat from a single heat source.

Commitments

The use of the term in this plan relates to all proposals for development which are the subject of a current full or outline planning permission.

Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL)

A levy allowing local authorities to raise funds from owners or developers of land undertaking new building projects in their area, as set out in regulations.

Comparison Goods/Floorspace

Comparison goods are items not obtained on a frequent basis. These include clothing, footwear, household and recreational goods.

Conservation Area

An area designated under the Town and Country Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 on account of its special architectural or historic interest, the character and appearance of which it is intended to preserve and enhance.
 

Contaminated Land

Land that has been polluted or harmed in some way making it unfit for safe development and usage unless cleaned.
 

Convenience Goods/Floorspace

Convenience goods are everyday essential items, including food, drinks, newspapers/magazines and confectionery.
 

Core Strategy

Sets out the long–term vision for the future of the area, the spatial objectives and strategic policies to deliver that vision. It forms Part 1 of the Council's Local Plan for the District. It was adopted (approved) in September 2014.
 

Cumulative Impact

Where there are a number of developments in a locality or a continuous activity over time that together may have an increased impact on the environment, local community or the local economy.
 

Department for the Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)

The UK Government department tasked with issues such as the environment, rural development, the countryside, wildlife, animal welfare and sustainable development.
 

Development Boundary

A drawn boundary which represents the extent (or built-up area) of a town or village. They are used in policy to identify land within, adjacent or outside a settlement.
 

Development Plan

The statutory development plan is the starting point in the consideration of planning applications for the development or use of land. The development plan consists of local plans prepared by the District Council, with Minerals and Waste Local Plans prepared by the County Council, and Neighbourhood Plans prepared locally by Town or Parish Councils.
 

Edge of Centre

For retail purposes, a location that is well connected to, and up to 300 metres from, the primary shopping area. For all other main town centre uses, a location within 300 metres of a town centre boundary. For office development, this includes locations outside the town centre but within 500 metres of a public transport interchange. In determining whether a site falls within the definition of edge of centre, account should be taken of local circumstances.
 

Employment Land / floorspace

That which is in use for the following purposes – office, industrial and warehousing - falling within Use Class E(g), B2 or B8.
 

Environment Agency (EA)

An Executive Agency of DEFRA, this body is responsible for wide-ranging matters, including the management of water resources, surface water drainage, flooding and water quality.
 

Evidence Base

The information and data gathered by local authorities to justify the "soundness" of the policy approach set out in local planning documents, including physical, economic, and social characteristics of an area.
 

First Homes

A specific kind of discounted market sale housing that meets the definition of "affordable housing" for planning purposes. Specifically, First Homes are discounted market sales units which:

1. must be discounted by a minimum of 30% against the market value;
2. are sold to a person or persons meeting the First Homes eligibility criteria (as set out in the national Planning Practice Guidance);
3. on their first sale, will have a restriction registered on the title at HM Land Registry to ensure this discount (as a percentage of current market value) and certain other restrictions are passed on at each subsequent title transfer; and,
4. after the discount has been applied, the first sale must be at a price no higher than £250,000 (or £420,000 in Greater London).
    

Floodplain

An area of land over which water flows in time of flood or would flow but for the presence of flood defences where they exist.
 

Flood Zone 1 (Low Probability)

This zone comprises land assessed as having a less than 1 in 1000 annual probability of river or sea flooding in any year (<0.1%).
 

Flood Zone 2 (Medium Probability)

This zone comprises land assessed as having between a 1 in 100 and 1 in 1000 annual probability of river flooding (1% – 0.1%) or between a 1 in 200 and 1 in 1000 annual probability of sea flooding (0.5% – 0.1%) in any year.
 

Flood Zone 3a (High Probability)

This zone comprises land assessed as having a 1 in 100 or greater annual probability of river flooding (>1%) or a 1 in 200 or greater annual probability of flooding from the sea (>0.5%) in any year.
 

Flood Zone 3b (Functional Floodplain)

This zone comprises land where water has to flow or be stored in times of flood (land which would flood with an annual probability of 1 in 20 (5%) or greater in any year or is designed to flood in an extreme (0.1%) flood).
 

Greenfield Land or Site

Land (or a defined site) usually farmland, that has not previously been developed, also including allotments and residential gardens.
 

Gypsies and Travellers

Persons of nomadic habit of life whatever their race or origin, including such persons who on grounds only of their own or their family's or dependants' educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily or permanently, but excluding members of an organised group of travelling showpeople or circus people travelling together as such. (Planning policy for traveller sites, 2023).
 

Habitat

The natural living space of a plant or animal.
 

Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA)

This describes the entire assessment process set out in the Habitats Directive and associated regulations. It includes an 'appropriate assessment'. The Habitats Directive protects habitats and non-avian species of European importance and applies to Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) while the European Directive (79/409/EEC) on the Conservation of Wild Birds (Birds Directive), protects bird species of European importance and applies to Special Protection Areas (SPAs).
 

Habitats Site

Any site which would be included within the definition at Regulation 8 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 for the purpose of these regulations, including possible Special Areas of Conservation, Sites of Community Importance, Special Areas of Conservation, Sites of Community Importance, Special Protection Areas and any relevant Marine Sites.
 

House of Multiple Occupation (HMO)

As defined under section 254 of the Housing Act 2004 (as amended) as:

1. a house which has been converted entirely into bedsits or other non-self-contained accommodation and which is let to three or more tenants who form two or more households and who share kitchen, bathroom or toilet facilities;
2. a converted house which contains one or more flats which are not wholly self-contained (i.e. the flat does not contain within it a kitchen, bathroom and toilet) and which is occupied by three or more tenants who form two or more households.
    

Housing Association

A non-profit making, independent organisation that provides housing; generally they provide accommodation for people in housing need who are unable to afford to buy or rent housing on the open market.
 

Housing and Economic Development Needs Assessment (HEDNA)

A background evidence study that assesses the future development needs for different types of housing and employment uses through the Local Plan period.
 

Housing and Economic Land Availability Assessment (HELAA)

A background evidence study that examines the suitability, availability and achievability of potential new sites for housing and employment uses.
 

Index of Multiple Deprivation

A measure of relative deprivation across the UK based on income, employment, education, health, crime, and other factors.
 

Infill Development

Development of a vacant site in a substantially developed frontage or area.
 

Infrastructure

The basic requirements for the satisfactory development of an area including such things as roads, footpaths, sewers, schools, open space and other community facilities.
 

Intermediate Affordable Housing for sale

A general term to describe Affordable Housing for sale, usually shared ownership.
 

Landscape Character Assessment

An assessment to identify different landscape areas which have a distinct character based on a recognisable pattern of elements, including combinations of geology, landform, soils, vegetation, land use and human settlement.
 

Landscape Sensitivity Assessment

An assessment of the resilience, or robustness, of a landscape to withstand specified change arising from development types or land management practices, without undue negative effects on the landscape and visual baseline and their value.
 

Listed Building

A nationally protected building of special architectural or historic interest as designated by Historic England on behalf of the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.
 

Local Area for Play (LAP)

A small area of open space for young children (mainly 4–6-year-olds) to play games such as tag, hopscotch, French cricket or play with outdoor toys. The activity zone should be reasonably flat, have a grass surface, and minimum area of 100sqm. There should be seating for carers and appropriate landscaping/buffer zones.
 

Local Equipped Area for Play (LEAP)

A play area equipped for children of early school age (mainly 4–8-year-olds). The activity zone should have a minimum area of 400m2, with grass playing space and at least five types of play equipment with appropriate safety surfacing. There should also be seating for accompanying adults.
 

Local Development Scheme (LDS)

A document setting out the programme for the preparation of the local planning policy documents. It sets out a 3-year programme and includes information on consultation dates.
 

Local Distinctiveness

The positive features of a locality that contributes to its special character and sense of place, distinguishing one local area from another.Ç
 

Local Plan 2006

Local Plan adopted by Rother District Council in 2006, some saved policies of which still form part of the development plan for the district.
 

Authority Monitoring Report (AMR)

Produced by the local authority this will assess the impact of policies and whether targets are being met, and where necessary identify adjustments or revision to policies/proposals.
 

Local Planning Authority

The local government body responsible for formulating planning policies (in a local development framework), controlling development through determining planning applications and taking enforcement action when necessary. This is a district council, unitary authority, metropolitan council or national park authority.
 

Local Wildlife Sites (LWS)

Non-statutory sites that contain features of substantive nature conservation value. They are identified and selected locally. Formerly known as Sites of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCIs).
 

Low Energy Transformation Initiative (LETI)

Established in 2017 to support the transition to net zero, originally in London. It is a voluntary network of over 1000 built environment professionals, working together to put the UK and the planet on the path to a zero-carbon future. They have created best practice model standards for organisations to adhere to.
 

Main Town Centre Uses

Defined by the NPPF as retail development (including warehouse clubs and factory outlet centres); leisure, entertainment and more intensive sport and recreation uses (including cinemas, restaurants, drive-through restaurants, bars and pubs, nightclubs, casinos, health and fitness centres, indoor bowling centres and bingo halls); offices; and arts, culture and tourism development (including theatres, museums, galleries and concert halls, hotels and conference facilities).
 

Market Housing

Private housing for rent or for sale, where the price is set in the open market.
 

Material Consideration

A matter that should be taken into account in deciding a planning application or on an appeal against a planning decision.
 

Mitigation Measures

Measures which are put in place to reduce or eliminate any harm caused e.g. if building a house in an area of flood risk, the developer could build the house on stilted foundations to minimise the risk as a mitigation measure.
 

Mixed Use

Development containing some mixture of commercial, retail and/or residential uses.
 

Multi-Use Games Area (MUGA)

An outdoor fenced area for various types of games, such as football, basketball or tennis.
 

National Highways

An executive agency of the Department of Transport responsible for operating, maintaining and improving the strategic road network of England.
 

National Nature Reserve (NNR)

NNRs contain examples of some of the most important natural and semi-natural terrestrial and coastal ecosystems in Great Britain. They are managed to conserve their habitats or to provide special opportunities for scientific study of the habitats, communities and species represented within them. NNRs are declared by the statutory country conservation agencies under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
 

National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)

The National Planning Policy Framework sets out the Government's planning policies for England and how these are expected to be applied. It provides a framework within which locally-prepared plans for housing and other development can be produced.
 

Natural England

Is a Non-Departmental Public Body of the UK Government. It was formed (vested) on 1 October 2006. It is responsible for ensuring that England's natural environment, including its land, flora and fauna, freshwater and marine environments, geology and soils are protected and improved. It also has a responsibility to help people enjoy, understand and access the natural environment.
 

Natural England Green Infrastructure Framework

Is a tool resulting from the Government's 25 Year Environment Plan. It provides an England-wide evidence base to help local authorities and others target Green Infrastructure improvements where they are most needed.
 

Neighbourhood Plan

A plan prepared by a town/ parish council or neighbourhood forum for a designated neighbourhood area. It forms part of the statutory development plan. Described as a neighbourhood development plan under the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.

Older People

People over or approaching retirement age, including the active, newly retired through to the very frail elderly; and whose housing needs can encompass accessible, adaptable general needs housing through to the full range of retirement and specialised housing for those with support or care needs.
 

Open Space, Sport and Recreation Study

The Study (2007) undertook an audit and assessment of open space across Rother district in accordance with national guidelines. The Study assessed open space, sport and recreational needs of people living, working and visiting Rother, produced local provision standards and identified areas of surplus and deficiency based on quantity quality and accessibility across the district.
 

Parish Council

A type of local authority found in England which is the lowest, or first, tier of local government. They are elected bodies and are responsible for areas known as civil parishes. They cover only part of England; corresponding to 40% of the population, but cover all of Rother, including Bexhill, Battle and Rye which are known as Town Councils. Parish and Town Councils can prepare Neighbourhood Plans.
 

Pevensey Levels Hydrological Catchment Area

(See figure 42) has particular drainage requirements, necessary to avoid surface water and water quality impacts on the designated Pevensey Levels Ramsar site (wetland of international importance). The Pevensey Levels is one of the largest and least-fragmented lowland wet grassland systems in south-east England.
 

Planning Obligation

A legal obligation under section 106 of the 1990 Town & Country Planning Act to mitigate the impacts of a development proposal, sometimes referred to as 'developer contributions' or 's106'. They are either in the form of a legal agreement between a planning authority and the persons with an interest in the land, or undertakings offered unilaterally by the landowner. Planning obligations run with the land, are legally binding and enforceable.
 

Planning Practice Guidance

Planning guidance published by the Government to supplement the NPPF.
 

Previously Developed Land

Land which is or was occupied by a permanent structure, including the curtilage of the developed land (although it should not be assumed that the whole of the curtilage should be developed) and any associated fixed surface infrastructure. This excludes: land that is or was last occupied by agricultural or forestry buildings; land that has been developed for minerals extraction or waste disposal by landfill, where provision for restoration has been made through development management procedures; land in built-up areas such as residential gardens, parks, recreation grounds and allotments; and land that was previously developed but where the remains of the permanent or fixed surface structure have blended into the landscape.
 

Priority Habitats and Species

Also known as Habitats and Species of Principle Importance. Those habitats and species included in the England Biodiversity List published by the Secretary of State under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006. Replaces the previous Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) designations.
 

Ramsar Site

Wetlands of international importance, designated under the 1971 Ramsar Convention.

Renewable and Low Carbon Energy

Renewable energy covers those energy flows that occur naturally and repeatedly in the environment – from the wind, the fall of water, the movement of the oceans, from the sun and also from biomass and deep geothermal heat. Low carbon technologies are those that can help reduce emissions (compared to conventional use of fossil fuels).
 

Rural Exception Sites

Small sites used for affordable housing in perpetuity where sites would not normally be used for housing. Rural exception sites seek to address the needs of the local community by accommodating households who are either current residents or have an existing family or employment connection. A proportion of market homes may be allowed on the site at the local planning authority's discretion, for example where essential to enable the delivery of affordable units without grant funding.
 

Rural Diversification Scheme

Development of non-agricultural or land-based operations located within an existing and active farm or land-based business to promote the viability of the existing business, while remaining ancillary and subordinate in scale.

Run-off

That part of precipitation, snow melt, or irrigation water that runs off the land into streams or other surface water. It can carry pollutants from the air and land into the receiving waters.
 

Self-build and custom-build housing

Housing built by an individual, a group of individuals, or persons working with or for them, to be occupied by that individual. Such housing can be either market or affordable housing. A legal definition, for the purposes of applying the Self-build and Custom Housebuilding Act 2015 (as amended) is contained in section 1 (A1) and (A2) of that Act.
 

Sequential Approach/Test

A planning principle that seeks to identify, allocate or develop certain types or locations of land before others. For example, brownfield sites before greenfield sites or town centre retail sites before out-of-centre sites, or areas at low risk of flooding before areas of medium and high risk of flooding.

Shoreline Management Plan (SMP)

A Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) provides a large-scale assessment of the risks associated with coastal evolution and presents a policy framework to address these risks to people and the developed, historic and natural environment in a sustainable manner. In doing so, an SMP is a high-level document that forms an important part of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) strategy for flood and coastal defence.

Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)

An area of special interest by reason of its flora, fauna, geological or physiographical features as identified by Natural England and designated under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Soundness

A test of a Local Plan. Plans are sound if they are positively prepared; justified; effective; and consistent with national policy. The tests of soundness are set out in full in the NPPF.

Special Area of Conservation (SAC)

Areas defined by regulation 3 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 which have been given special protection as important conservation sites. (Together with SPAs, SACs form a network of Habitats Sites.)

Special Protection Area (SPA)

Areas classified under regulation 15 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 which have been identified as being of international importance for the breeding, feeding, wintering or migration of rare and vulnerable species of birds. (Together with SACs, SPAs form a network of Habitats Sites).

Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs)

These can be produced to provide policy guidance to supplement the policies and proposals in Local Plans. However, they do not form part of the Development Plan although they must undergo a formal process of consultation.

Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA)

An assessment of the likelihood of flooding in a particular area so that development needs and mitigation measures can be carefully considered.

Strategic Gap

Area of largely open land between settlements, which helps to maintain the separate identity and amenity of settlements and prevent them merging together. The boundaries are defined in the Local Plan.

Submission

The final stage in preparation of Plans, whereby they are submitted to the Secretary of State for an Independent Examination.

Sustainability Appraisal (SA)/Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

Local Planning Authorities are required to assess the environmental and sustainability impact of policies and proposals in Local Plans and Supplementary Planning Documents. This is a tool for appraising policies to ensure that they reflect sustainable development objectives, i.e. social environmental and economic factors.

Sustainable Access and Recreation Management Strategy (SARMS)

A joint approach between Rother and Folkestone and Hythe District Councils which seeks to ensure that any increases in access and recreational usage of land within or adjacent to the Dungeness Complex of Habitats Sites does not adversely impact on the integrity of the sites.

Sustainable Communities

Places where people want to live and work, now and in the future. They meet the diverse needs of existing and future residents, are sensitive to their environment, and contribute to a high quality of life. They are safe and inclusive, well planned, built and run, and offer equality of opportunity and good services for all.
 

Sustainable Development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs; ensures a better quality of life for everyone now and for generations to come.
 

Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS)

They include a range of different drainage systems that are designed to promote the filtration and evaporation of water as close to the source as possible and to break down pollutants. SUDS are an alternative to drainage through pipes directly to a watercourse and will help enhance water quality and biodiversity, maintain groundwater levels and reduce the risk of flooding.

Sustainable Transport Modes

Any efficient, safe and accessible means of transport with overall low impact on the environment, including walking and cycling, low and ultra low emission vehicles, car sharing and public transport.

Town Council

In England, town councils are civil parish councils, where the civil parish has declared itself to be a town. Civil parishes are the most local level of elected governance, under the district, unitary or county level. There are two in Rother district covering Rye and Battle. Town Councils can prepare Neighbourhood Plans.
 

Transport Assessment

Transport Assessments are thorough assessments of the transport implications of development. Transport Assessments may propose mitigation measure in relation to any adverse implications of a development, which may also inform the preparation of a Travel Plan.
 

Travel Plan

A document most commonly produced by/for a large employer which tends to generate a large number of journeys by car. The plans include measures to reduce car dependency and facilitate transport choice, by encouraging more sustainable alternatives to car use.

Travelling Showpeople

Members of a group organised for the purposes of holding fairs, circuses or shows (whether or not travelling together as such). This includes such persons who on the grounds of their own or their family's or dependants' more localised pattern of trading, educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily or permanently, but excludes Gypsies and Travellers as defined in the national Planning Policy for Traveller Sites, (2023).

Tree Preservation Order (TPO)

An Order made by a planning authority specifying trees which may not be lopped, topped or felled without consent, except where they become dead, dying or dangerous, when replacements may be required.

Vitality and Viability

In terms of retailing, vitality is the capacity of a centre to grow or to develop its level of commercial activity. Viability is the capacity of a centre to achieve the commercial success necessary to sustain the existence of the centre.

Walking, Wheeling and Cycling

A wide range of mobilities which are defined as "active travel". "Wheeling" is an equivalent alternative to foot/pedestrian-based mobility and includes wheeled mobilities such as wheelchairs, mobility scooters and rollators. The term is used together with "walking" as both represent the action of moving at a pedestrian's pace.