Proposed Submission Development and Site Allocations (DaSA) Local Plan

14. Appendix 1

Core Strategy Policies

14.1 Bexhill

BX1 Overall Strategy for Bexhill
BX2 Bexhill Town Centre
BX3 Development Strategy

14.2 Hastings Fringes

HF1 The Hastings Fringes

14.3 Rye and Rye Harbour

RY1 Policy Framework for Rye and Rye Harbour

14.4 Battle

BA1 Policy Framework for Battle

14.5 Rural Areas

RA1 Villages
RA2 General Strategy for the Countryside
RA3 Development in the Countryside
RA4 Traditional Historic Farm Buildings

14.6 Sustainable Resource Management

SRM1 Towards a Low Carbon Future
SRM2 Water Supply and Wastewater Management

14.7 Communities

CO1 Community Facilities and Services
CO2 Provision and Improvement of Healthcare Facilities
CO3 Improving Sports and Recreation Provision
CO4 Supporting Young People
CO5 Supporting Older People
CO6 Community Safety

14.8 Local Housing Needs

LHN1 Achieving Mixed and Balanced Communities
LHN2 Affordable Housing
LHN3 Rural Exception Sites
LHN4 Sites for Wholly or Substantially Affordable Housing
LHN5 Sites for the needs of Gypsies and Travellers
LHN6 Gypsies, Travellers and Travelling Showpeople Criteria

14.9 Economy

EC1 Fostering Economic Activity and Growth
EC2 Business Land and Premises
EC3 Existing Employment Sites
EC4 Business Activities Elsewhere Within the District
EC5 Support for key Sectors
EC6 Tourism Activities and Facilities
EC7 Retail Development

14.10 Environment

EN1 Landscape Stewardship
EN2 Stewardship of the Historic Built Environment
EN3 Design Quality
EN4 Management of the Public Realm
EN5 Biodiversity and Green Space
EN6 Flood Risk Management
EN7 Flood Risk and Development

14.11 Transport and Accessibility

TR1 Management and Investment in Strategic Accessibility
TR2 Integrated Transport
TR3 Access and New Development
TR4 Car Parking

14.12 Implementation and Monitoring Framework

IM1 Monitoring Framework
IM2 Implementation and Infrastructure
IM3 Phasing of Development

15. Appendix 2

Superseded Local Plan 2006 policies

15.1 Development Strategy

DS3 Proposals within development boundaries
DS5 Strategic gaps
DS6 Managing housing land release

15.2 Housing Developments

HG5 Residential Mobile Homes
HG7 Retention of existing housing stock
HG8 Extensions and alterations to existing dwellings
HG9 Extensions to residential curtilages

15.3 Community Facilities

CF4 Provision of play areas
CF5 Equestrian Development
CF6 Provision of public art

15.4 Transport Developments

TR1 Bexhill-Hastings link road area of search

15.5 Employment Developments

EM4 Marley Lane – land at Rutherfords Business Park
EM5 Marley Lane – land adjacent to DB Earthmoving
EM8 Extension of steam railway from Bodiam to Robertsbridge
EM10 Chalet, caravan and camping accommodation
EM12 Winter storage of caravans
EM13 Shopping and related commercial development in town/district centres

15.6 Bexhill

BX2 Land north of Pebsham
BX3 Land north of Sidley
BX4 Countryside Park
BX5 Town centre shopping area
BX6 Town centre development area
BX7 Town centre office areas
BX8 Former Galley Hill depot, Ashdown Road
BX9 High School and Drill Halls, Down Road
BX10 Cemetery extension

15.7 Battle

BT2 Land at Blackfriars
BT3 Land at North Trade Road

15.8 Rye and Rye Harbour

RY7 Rye Harbour Road Employment Area
RY8 Land adjacent to Stonework Cottages, Rye Harbour

15.9 Villages

VL3 Land adjacent to Fairlight Gardens, Fairlight Cove
VL6 Land east of the Village Hall at Northiam
VL9 Land off Moor Lane, Westfield
VL10 Extension to Wheel Farm Business Park
VL11 Land at Westfield Down, Westfield
VL12 Victoria Way and land south of Harbour Farm, Winchelsea Beach

15.10 Hastings Fringes

HF1 Land off Burgess Road
HF2 Land off Woodlands Way

16. Appendix 3

Glossary of Terms

1. 1066 Country Walk – the route commemorates 1066, the year of the Battle of Hastings, and seeks to link the places and the people of that important year. It runs through East Sussex from Pevensey to Rye, passing through Battle.

2. Accessibility – the ability of people to move around an area and reach places and facilities, including elderly and disabled people, those with young children and those encumbered with luggage or shopping.
3. Affordable housing - housing for sale or rent for those whose needs are not met by the market (including housing that provides a subsidised route to home ownership and/or is for essential local workers); and which complies with one or more of the following definitions:
   1. Affordable housing for rent: meets all of the following conditions: (a) the rent is set in accordance with the Government's rent policy for Social Rent or Affordable Rent, or is at least 20% below local market rents (including service charges where applicable); (b) the landlord is a registered provider, except where it is included as part of a Build to Rent scheme (in which case the landlord need not be a registered provider); and (c) it includes provisions to remain at an affordable price for future eligible households, or for the subsidy to be recycled for alternative affordable housing provision. For Build to Rent schemes affordable housing for rent is expected to be the normal form of affordable housing provision (and, in this context, is known as Affordable Private Rent).
   2. Starter homes: is as specified in Sections 2 and 3 of the Housing and Planning Act 2016 and any secondary legislation made under these sections. The definition of a starter home should reflect the meaning set out in statute and any such secondary legislation at the time of plan-preparation or decision-making. Where secondary legislation has the effect of limiting a household's eligibility to purchase a starter home to those with a particular maximum level of household income, those restrictions should be used.
   3. Discounted market sales housing: is that sold at a discount of at least 20% below local market value. Eligibility is determined with regard to local incomes and local house prices. Provisions should be in place to ensure housing remains at a discount for future eligible households.
   4. Other affordable routes to home ownership: is housing provided for sale that provides a route to ownership for those who could not achieve home ownership through the market. It includes shared ownership, relevant equity loans, other low cost homes for sale (at a price equivalent to at least 20% below local market value) and rent to buy (which includes a period of intermediate rent). Where public grant funding is provided, there should be provisions for the homes to remain at an affordable price for future eligible households, or for any receipts to be recycled for alternative affordable housing provision, or refunded to Government or the relevant authority specified in the funding agreement.
4. Ancient Woodland – an area that has been wooded continuously since at least 1600 AD. It includes ancient semi-natural woodland and plantations on ancient woodland sites (PAWS). Note "wooded continuously" doesn't mean there's been a continuous tree cover across the whole site. Not all trees in the woodland have to be old. Open space, both temporary and permanent, is an important component of ancient woodlands.
5. Ancient or Veteran Tree – a tree which, because of its age, size and condition, is of exceptional biodiversity, cultural or heritage value. All ancient trees are veteran trees. Not all veteran trees are old enough to be ancient, but are old relative to other trees of the same species. Very few trees of any species reach the ancient life-stage.
6. Appropriate Assessment – Appropriate Assessment (AA) refers to stage 2 of the Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA) process. It considers the impacts of a plan or project assessed against the conservation objectives of a European Site, in order to identify whether there are likely to be any adverse effects on site integrity and site features. The purpose of appropriate assessment of local plans is to ensure that protection of the integrity of European sites is a part of the planning process at a regional and local level. The European sites concerned are known as Natura 2000 sites.
7. Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) – areas of national importance for their landscape character and appearance, within which the conservation and enhancement of their natural beauty is a priority. These are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 by the Secretary of State for the Environment.
8. Biodiversity – the whole variety of life encompassing all genetic, species and ecosystem variations, including plants and animals.
9. Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) – a strategy aimed at conserving and enhancing biological diversity, operational until 2012. UK BAP priority species and habitats have now been succeeded by Priority Habitats and Species as identified under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006.

10. Biodiversity Opportunity Area (BOA) – landscape-scale areas identified as having the greatest opportunities for habitat creation and restoration. Mapped through work carried out by the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre.

11. Brownfield Land/Site – land which has previously been developed (see Previously Developed Land).

12. Brownfield Land Register – register of previously developed land that the local planning authority considers to be appropriate for residential development, having regard to criteria in the Town & Country Planning (Brownfield Land Registers) Regulations 2017.

13. Building Regulations – regulations which are separate from planning but which have to be adhered to in the construction of development.

14. Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA) – an independent voluntary consumer organisation which promotes real ale, real cider and the traditional British pub.

15. Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) – a registered charity with over 60,000 members and supporters, formed in 1926 to limit urban sprawl and ribbon development.

16. Catchment Flood Management Plan (CFMP) – a Catchment Flood Management Plan is a strategic planning tool through which the Environment Agency will seek to work with other key decision-makers within a river catchment to identify and agree policies for sustainable flood risk management.

17. Combined Heat and Power – CHP plants incorporate both power and heat from a single heat source.

18. Commitments – the use of the term in this plan relates to all proposals for development which are the subject of a current full or outline planning permission.

19. Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL) – a levy allowing local authorities to raise funds from owners or developers of land undertaking new building projects in their area, as set out in regulations.

20. Comparison Goods/Floorspace – comparison goods are items not obtained on a frequent basis. These include clothing, footwear, household and recreational goods.

21. Conservation Area – an area designated under the Town and Country Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 on account of its special architectural or historic interest, the character and appearance of which it is intended to preserve and enhance.

22. Contaminated Land – land that has been polluted or harmed in some way making it unfit for safe development and usage unless cleaned.

23. Convenience Goods/Floorspace – convenience goods are everyday essential items, including food, drinks, newspapers/magazines and confectionery.

24. Core Strategy – sets out the long–term vision for the future of the area, the spatial objectives and strategic policies to deliver that vision. It forms Part 1 of the Council's Local Plan for the District. It was adopted (approved) in September 2014.

25. Cumulative Impact – where there are a number of developments in a locality or a continuous activity over time that together may have an increased impact on the environment, local community or the local economy.

26. Department for the Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) – the UK Government department tasked with issues such as the environment, rural development, the countryside, wildlife, animal welfare and sustainable development.

27. Development Plan – the statutory development plan is the starting point in the consideration of planning applications for the development or use of land. The development plan consists of local plans prepared by the District Council, with Minerals and Waste Local Plans prepared by the County Council, and Neighbourhood Plans prepared locally by Town or Parish Councils.

28. Employment Land – that which is in use for the following purposes – office, industrial and warehousing - falling within Use Class B of the Use Classes Order or similar sui-generis type uses.

29. Environment Agency (EA) – an Executive Agency of DEFRA, this body is responsible for wide-ranging matters, including the management of water resources, surface water drainage, flooding and water quality.

30. Evidence Base – the information and data gathered by local authorities to justify the "soundness" of the policy approach set out in local planning documents, including physical, economic, and social characteristics of an area.

31. Floodplain – an area of land over which water flows in time of flood or would flow but for the presence of flood defences where they exist.

32. Flood Zone 1 (Low Probability) – this zone comprises land assessed as having a less than 1 in 1000 annual probability of river or sea flooding in any year (<0.1%).

33. Flood Zone 2 (Medium Probability) – this zone comprises land assessed as having between a 1 in 100 and 1 in 1000 annual probability of river flooding (1% – 0.1%) or between a 1 in 200 and 1 in 1000 annual probability of sea flooding (0.5% – 0.1%) in any year.

34. Flood Zone 3a (High Probability) – this zone comprises land assessed as having a 1 in 100 or greater annual probability of river flooding (>1%) or a 1 in 200 or greater annual probability of flooding from the sea (>0.5%) in any year.

35. Flood Zone 3b (Functional Floodplain) – this zone comprises land where water has to flow or be stored in times of flood (land which would flood with an annual probability of 1 in 20 (5%) or greater in any year or is designed to flood in an extreme (0.1%) flood).

36. Greenfield Land or Site – land (or a defined site) usually farmland, that has not previously been developed, also including allotments and residential gardens.

37. Gypsies and Travellers – persons of nomadic habit of life whatever their race or origin, including such persons who on grounds only of their own or their family's or dependants' educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily, but excluding members of an organised group of travelling show people or circus people travelling together as such. (Planning policy for traveller sites, 2015).

38. Habitat – the natural living space of a plant or animal.

39. Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA) – this describes the entire assessment process set out in the Habitats Directive and associated regulations. It includes an 'appropriate assessment'. The Habitats Directive protects habitats and non-avian species of European importance and applies to Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) while the European Directive (79/409/EEC) on the Conservation of Wild Birds (Birds Directive), protects bird species of European importance and applies to Special Protection Areas (SPAs). These are known as the network of Natura 2000 Sites or "European Sites".

40. Highways England – an executive agency of the Department of Transport responsible for operating, maintaining and improving the strategic road network of England.

41. Housing Association – a non-profit making, independent organisation that provides housing; generally they provide accommodation for people in housing need who are unable to afford to buy or rent housing on the open market.

42. Infill Development – development of a vacant site in a substantially developed frontage or area.

43. Infrastructure – the basic requirements for the satisfactory development of an area including such things as roads, footpaths, sewers, schools, open space and other community facilities.

44. Landscape Character Assessment – an assessment to identify different landscape areas which have a distinct character based on a recognisable pattern of elements, including combinations of geology, landform, soils, vegetation, land use and human settlement.

45. Listed Building – a nationally protected building of special architectural or historic interest as designated by Historic England on behalf of the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.

46. Local Area for Play (LAP) – a small area of open space for young children (mainly 4-6 year olds) to play games such as tag, hopscotch, French cricket or play with outdoor toys. The activity zone should be reasonably flat, have a grass surface, and minimum area of 100sqm. There should be seating for carers and appropriate landscaping/buffer zones.

47. Local Equipped Area for Play (LEAP) – a play area equipped for children of early school age (mainly 4-8 year olds). The activity zone should have a minimum area of 400m2, with grass playing space and at least five types of play equipment with appropriate safety surfacing. There should also be seating for accompanying adults.

48. Local Development Scheme (LDS) – a document setting out the programme for the preparation of the local planning policy documents. It sets out a 3-year programme and includes information on consultation dates.

49. Local Distinctiveness – the particular positive features of a locality that contributes to its special character and sense of place, distinguishing one local area from another.

50. Local Plan 2006 – old-style Local Plan adopted by Rother District Council in 2006, some saved policies of which still form part of the development plan for the district.

51. Local Plan – the collective terms for documents prepared by each Local Planning Authority to provide the policy framework for delivering the spatial planning strategy for the Local Planning Authority area.

52. Local Plan Monitoring Report (LPMR) – produced by the local authority this will assess the impact of policies and whether targets are being met, and where necessary identify adjustments or revision to policies/proposals. (Previously known as the Annual Monitoring Report.)

53. Local Planning Authority – the local government body responsible for formulating planning policies (in a local development framework), controlling development through determining planning applications and taking enforcement action when necessary. This is a district council, unitary authority, metropolitan council or national park authority.

54. Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) - non-statutory sites that contain features of substantive nature conservation value. They are identified and selected locally. Formerly known as Sites of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCIs).

55. Market Housing – private housing for rent or for sale, where the price is set in the open market.

56. Material Consideration – a matter that should be taken into account in deciding a planning application or on an appeal against a planning decision.

57. Mitigation Measures – measures which are put in place to reduce or eliminate any harm caused e.g. if building a house in an area of flood risk, the developer could build the house on stilted foundations to minimise the risk as a mitigation measure.

58. Mixed Use – development containing some mixture of commercial, retail and/or residential uses.

59. Multi-Use Games Area (MUGA) – an outdoor fenced area for various types of games, such as football, basketball or tennis.

60. National Nature Reserve (NNR) – NNRs contain examples of some of the most important natural and semi-natural terrestrial and coastal ecosystems in Great Britain. They are managed to conserve their habitats or to provide special opportunities for scientific study of the habitats, communities and species represented within them. NNRs are declared by the statutory country conservation agencies under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

61. National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) – the National Planning Policy Framework sets out the Government's planning policies for England and how these are expected to be applied. It provides a framework within which locally-prepared plans for housing and other development can be produced.

62. Natural England – is a Non-Departmental Public Body of the UK Government. It was formed (vested) on 1 October 2006. It is responsible for ensuring that England's natural environment, including its land, flora and fauna, freshwater and marine environments, geology and soils are protected and improved. It also has a responsibility to help people enjoy, understand and access the natural environment.

63. Natura 2000 – European Union network of sites designated by Member States under the Birds Directive and under the Habitats Directive.

64. Neighbourhood Plan – a plan prepared by a town/ parish council or neighbourhood forum for a designated neighbourhood area. It forms part of the statutory development plan. Described as a neighbourhood development plan under the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.

65. Older People – people over or approaching retirement age, including the active, newly retired through to the very frail elderly; and whose housing needs can encompass accessible, adaptable general needs housing through to the full range of retirement and specialised housing for those with support or care needs.

66. Open Space, Sport and Recreation Study – the Study (2007) undertook an audit and assessment of open space across Rother district in accordance with national guidelines. The Study assessed open space, sport and recreational needs of people living, working and visiting Rother, produced local provision standards and identified areas of surplus and deficiency based on quantity quality and accessibility across the district.

67. Parish Council – a type of local authority found in England which is the lowest, or first, tier of local government. They are elected bodies and are responsible for areas known as civil parishes. They cover only part of England; corresponding to 35% of the population, but cover all of Rural Rother excluding Battle and Rye (which are covered by Town Councils) and Bexhill. Parish Councils can prepare Neighbourhood Plans.

68. Planning Practice Guidance – planning guidance published by the Government to supplement the NPPF.

69. Previously Developed Land – land which is or was occupied by a permanent structure, including the curtilage of the developed land (although it should not be assumed that the whole of the curtilage should be developed) and any associated fixed surface infrastructure. This excludes: land that is or was last occupied by agricultural or forestry buildings; land that has been developed for minerals extraction or waste disposal by landfill, where provision for restoration has been made through development management procedures; land in built-up areas such as residential gardens, parks, recreation grounds and allotments; and land that was previously developed but where the remains of the permanent or fixed surface structure have blended into the landscape.

70. Priority Habitats and Species – also known as Habitats and Species of Principle Importance. Those habitats and species included in the England Biodiversity List published by the Secretary of State under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006. Replaces the previous Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) designations.

71. Ramsar Site – wetlands of international importance, designated under the 1971 Ramsar Convention.

72. Renewable and Low Carbon Energy – renewable energy covers those energy flows that occur naturally and repeatedly in the environment – from the wind, the fall of water, the movement of the oceans, from the sun and also from biomass and deep geothermal heat. Low carbon technologies are those than can help reduce emissions (compared to conventional use of fossil fuels).

73. Rural Exception Sites – small sites used for affordable housing in perpetuity outside settlement development boundaries where sites would not normally be used for housing. Rural exception sites seek to address the needs of the local community by accommodating households who are either current residents or have an existing family or employment connection.

74. Run-off – that part of precipitation, snow melt, or irrigation water that runs off the land into streams or other surface water. It can carry pollutants from the air and land into the receiving waters.

75. S106 Agreement – a legal agreement under section 106 of the 1990 Town & Country Planning Act. Section 106 agreements are legal agreements between a planning authority and a developer, or undertakings offered unilaterally by a developer, that ensure that certain extra works related to a development are undertaken.

76. SA/SEA – see Sustainability Appraisal/Strategic Environmental Assessment.

77. Self-build and custom-build housing - housing built by an individual, a group of individuals, or persons working with or for them, to be occupied by that individual. Such housing can be either market or affordable housing. A legal definition, for the purposes of applying the Self-build and Custom Housebuilding Act 2015 (as amended) is contained in section 1 (A1) and (A2) of that Act..

78. Sequential Approach/Test – a planning principle that seeks to identify, allocate or develop certain types or locations of land before others. For example, brownfield sites before greenfield sites or town centre retail sites before out-of-centre sites, or areas at low risk of flooding before areas of medium and high risk of flooding.

79. Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) – a Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) provides a large-scale assessment of the risks associated with coastal evolution and presents a policy framework to address these risks to people and the developed, historic and natural environment in a sustainable manner. In doing so, an SMP is a high-level document that forms an important part of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) strategy for flood and coastal defence.

80. SHLAA – see Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment.

81. Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) – an area of special interest by reason of its flora, fauna, geological or physiographical features as identified by Natural England and designated under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

82. Soundness – a test of a Local Plan. Plans are sound if they are positively prepared; justified; effective; and consistent with national policy. The tests of soundness are set out in full in the NPPF.

83. Special Area of Conservation (SAC) – areas defined by regulation 3 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 which have been given special protection as important conservation sites. (Together with SPAs, SACs form a network of European sites known as Natura 2000.)

84. Special Protection Area (SPA) – areas classified under regulation 15 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 which have been identified as being of international importance for the breeding, feeding, wintering or migration of rare and vulnerable species of birds. (Together with SACs, SPAs form a network of European Sites known as Natura 2000.)

85. SSSI – see Site of Special Scientific Interest.

86. Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA) – a background evidence study that examines the suitability of potential new sites for housing.

87. Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs) – these can be produced to provide policy guidance to supplement the policies and proposals in Local Plans. However they do not form part of the Development Plan although they must undergo a formal process of consultation.

88. Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) – an assessment of the likelihood of flooding in a particular area so that development needs and mitigation measures can be carefully considered.

89. Strategic Gap – area of largely open land between settlements, which helps to maintain the separate identity and amenity of settlements and prevent them merging together. The boundaries are defined in the Local Plan.

90. Submission – the final stage in preparation of Plans, whereby they are submitted to the Secretary of State for an Independent Examination.

91. SuDS – see Sustainable Drainage Systems.

92. Sustainability Appraisal (SA)/Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) – local Planning Authorities are required to assess the environmental and sustainability impact of policies and proposals in Local Plans and Supplementary Planning Documents. This is a tool for appraising policies to ensure that they reflect sustainable development objectives, i.e. social environmental and economic factors.

93. Sustainable Communities – places where people want to live and work, now and in the future. They meet the diverse needs of existing and future residents, are sensitive to their environment, and contribute to a high quality of life. They are safe and inclusive, well planned, built and run, and offer equality of opportunity and good services for all.

94. Sustainable Development – development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs; ensures a better quality of life for everyone now and for generations to come.

95. Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) – they include a range of different drainage systems that are designed to promote the filtration and evaporation of water as close to the source as possible and to break down pollutants. SUDS are an alternative to drainage through pipes directly to a watercourse and will help enhance water quality and biodiversity, maintain groundwater levels and reduce the risk of flooding.

96. Sustainable Transport Modes - any efficient, safe and accessible means of transport with overall low impact on the environment, including walking and cycling, low and ultra low emission vehicles, car sharing and public transport.

97. Town Council – in England, town councils are civil parish councils, where the civil parish has declared itself to be a town. Civil parishes are the most local level of elected governance, under the district, unitary or county level. There are two in Rother district covering Rye and Battle. Town Councils can prepare Neighbourhood Plans.

98. Travel Plan – a document most commonly produced by/for a large employer which tends to generate a large number of journeys by car. The plans include measures to reduce car dependency and facilitate transport choice, by encouraging more sustainable alternatives to car use.

99. Travelling Showpeople – members of a group organised for the purposes of holding fairs, circuses or shows (whether or not travelling together as such). This includes such persons who on the grounds of their own or their family's or dependants' more localised pattern of trading, educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily or permanently, but excludes Gypsies and Travellers as defined in Planning policy for traveller sites, 2012.

100. Tree Preservation Order (TPO) – an Order made by a planning authority specifying trees which may not be lopped, topped or felled without consent, except where they become dead, dying or dangerous, when replacements may be required.

101. Vitality and Viability – in terms of retailing, vitality is the capacity of a centre to grow or to develop its level of commercial activity. Viability is the capacity of a centre to achieve the commercial success necessary to sustain the existence of the centre.